1300 جزيرة سعودية 6 منها مأهولة بالسكان
«كم عدد جزر المملكة؟».. إجابة «غائبة» عن أذهان سعوديين !

بعد إعلان المملكة مشروع البحر الأحمر الضخم أمس، اكتشف سعوديون كثر أن بلادهم تضم جزراً «فاتنة» تزخر بكل مقومات السياحة، ما دفع بالسؤال عن عدد الجزر السعودية في الأذهان، اللافت أن عدداً ممن استطلعت «عكاظ» أراءهم في أحد أكثر الشوارع حيوية في جدة لا يعرفون عدد الجزر السعودية سوى جزيرة فرسان (جنوب غربي البلاد) وجزيرتي تيران وصنافير، وقليل منهم يتحدث عن جزر بمقربة من أملج، بيد أنهم لا يعرفون تفاصيلها.
وبمسح عشوائي في طريق الأمير محمد بن عبدالعزيز المعروف شعبياً بـ«التحلية» في مدينة جدة الساحلية، أضحى البحث عن من يعرف عدد الجزر السعودية مهمة صعبة، وربما يعود الأمر إلى صعوبة الوصول إلى المعلومة، كونها موثقة في إصدار متخصص لهيئة المساحة الجيولوجية رأى النور عام 2008.
وفقاً للإصدار المتخصص، فإن السعودية تضم أكثر من 1300 جزيرة منها 1150 جزيرة في البحر الأحمر (تمثل 89% من الجزر السعودية)، فيما تحيط مياه الخليج العربي بـ 150 جزيرة سعودية. كما يعرف الباحثون 405 جزر مهمة وكبيرة.
وتعد جزيرة فرسان هي الأكبر مساحة بين الجزر السعودية بواقع 380 كيلو مترا مربعا، تليها جزيرة سجيد (السقيد) بمساحة تبلغ 150 كيلو مترا مربعا، ثم جزيرة تيران بواقع 61.5 كيلو مترا مربعا، والثلاث من جزر البحر الأحمر، فيما تعد جزيرة أبو علي أكبر الجزر السعودية في الخليج العربي بمساحة 59.3 كيلو مترا مربعا، تليها الباطنة بـ 33.7 كيلو مترا مربعا.
ولقسوة الجانب المعيشي في الجزر السعودية، خلت من السكان باستثناء جزر «فرسان، وسجيد وقماح في البحر الأحمر»، إضافة إلى «تاروت»، أبو علي، وقنة (جنة) في الخليج العربي.
وتشكل الجزر التي لا تتجاوز مساحتها الكيلو متر مربع نصيب الأسد من إجمالي الجزر السعودية بنسبة تتجاوز 93% (1199 جزيرة)، فيما تتجاوز أربع جزر مساحة الـ 50 كليو مترا مربعا، وتراوح مساحة 64 جزيرة بين الكيلو متر مربع إلى الـ 10 كيلو مترات مربعة، فيما تراوح مساحة 18 جزيرة بين الـ 10 كيلو مترات مربعة و50 كيلو مترا مربعا.
«المناخ المعتدل» كلمة السر
لم يكن اختيار منطقة مشروع «البحر الأحمر» عشوائياً دون دراسة أو تفحص، إذ تتميز منطقة المشروع بمناخ مختلف وطقس مغاير دونا عن غيرها من المناطق المطلة على البحر الأحمر، فالساحل الذي يمتد لأكثر من 2250 كلم بين شبه الجزيرة العربية ومصر والسودان اختير منه منطقة تمتد لما يقارب 200 كلم لإقامة أكبر المشاريع السياحية في المنطقة.
من أهم العوامل التي ساعدت على اختيار الموقع هي المناخ والطقس الذي تتمتع به تلك السواحل، إذ تتميز المنطقة بمناخ معتدل على مدار السنة، مع متوسط درجات حرارة يراوح بين 30-31 درجة مئوية، بحسب وثيقة المشروع المعلن عنها.
ويمثل اعتدال المناخ عاملا مهما في نجاح المشروع، إذ يرى مراقبون أن تلك المرافق الفاخرة لن تجذب السياح والزوار في مناخ لا يساعد على الاستمتاع بالتجارب الترفيهية فيها، وأن إقامة المشروع في منطقة مثل جدة لن يكون ناجحاً بشكل كافٍ، إذ إنها لا تتمتع بالمناخ الذي يساعد على تحفيز الزائر لزيارتها، بعكس المنطقة المختارة بين الوجه وأملج.
وبحسب بيانات الهيئة العامة للأرصاد وحماية البيئة لعام 2015، بلغ متوسط درجات الحرارة في مدينة الوجه 21 درجة مئوية، ترتفع في أشهر يونيو ويوليو وأغسطس إلى 26 درجة مئوية، وتنخفض في أشهر ديسمبر ويناير وفبراير إلى 15 درجة مئوية.
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